Drug Possession And Drug Related Crime - 2684 Words

Macro Problem The criminal justice system and government have too harsh of penalties related to drug possession and drug related crime. We have made substance abuse a crime instead of treating it as a disease, thus creating overcrowding in prisons, unemployment rate increases, increase in welfare recipients, and many other social issues. We do not spend enough money on treatment programs so many of addicts are housed in jail and prison. This issue impacts my client, Amber, because she was in much greater need of substance abuse treatment than jail time. If she had an opportunity to address her mental health issues when she first entered the criminal justice system, she may have stopped illegal activity, sought treatment for her addiction and changed her trajectory. Intervention Implementing a program that offers comprehensive mental health assessments in jail that include: case management by a social worker, treatment plans and goals, Long-term substance abuse rehabilitation, and aftercare. This intervention will occur on a state level. Context Substance use and misuse has been a societal problem for centuries. Kentucky, specifically has struggled with prescription drug abuse over the last 20 years, and â€Å"Kentucky has the highest rates of illicit opioid use than the nation for all age groups† (REACH of Louisville, 2011, p. 4) not to mention the â€Å"highest drug overdose death rates in the country, at 17.9 per 100,000 people; ranking sixth highest in the nation† (Cordini,Show MoreRelatedMarijuana Has Always Been A Concern In How It Should Be1625 Words   |  7 Pagesmarijuana. This leads to the question how does ethnicity play a role in arrest/incarceration rates when taking into account marijuana usage? Looking at the prohibition of marijuana, how some states have legalized it and others still have it as an illicit drug and how ethnicity plays a role. The rates of usage based on ethnicity and how it affects the youth in neighborhoods and colleges, with the racial profiling that goes with it. Finally, h ow marijuana is seen when it shifts when ethnicity is put intoRead More`` The House I Live ``1921 Words   |  8 Pagesworld’s largest jailer, for over 40 years, the War on Drugs has succeeded in imprisoning more than 45 million people. Although one might think that the law enforcement has cleared the streets from drugs, unfortunately, drugs are still more available than ever. Historically, certain drugs that are illegal today were commonly used in America. In the 1800s, drug addiction was looked at as a public health issue, whereas today it’s treated like a violent crime (The House I Live In). Eugene Jarecki, author andRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana Should Be Legal930 Words   |  4 PagesSince the 1970’s, marijuana has increasingly taken the forefront as the next â€Å"socially harmless† drug of choice, akin to the likes of alcohol and tobacco. Many state legislatures have begun a decriminalization process, and in some cases, full legalization and regulation. Though the scope of the following research is not to discuss the differences in legislation, the broad spectrum between completely illegal and legal use of marijuana should be noted. Regulation varies greatly from incredibly restrictedRead MoreEffects Of Marijuana On The Body1139 Words   |  5 Pagesloss of coordination. As a person uses the drug they begin to become slower and slower when an instantaneous reaction is required. For example, using marijuana can make it difficult for a person to simply catch a ball in the sport of baseball even if before using marijuana that same person did not have difficulty with this task. (â€Å"Marijuana†) The main ingredient in marijuana that has a negative effect on the body, specifically the brain, is THC. When the drug is inhaled it begins affecting the brainRead MoreThe United States Current Drug Policy882 Words   |  4 Pagesstringent illegal drug use policy and the high percentages of its population that have consum ed illegal substances. The United States has issued a drug war against millions of Americans who use and sell illegal substances. This war has cost taxpayers billions annually and continues to contribute to an incarceration rate that surpasses any other country (Walmsley 2009). Although, stringent policies have lowered the decline in U.S drug consumption since the 1970’s, the war on drugs in the United StatesRead MoreRelationship Between Drug And Crime1050 Words   |  5 PagesIs There a Relationship between drug and crime? Is there a relationship between drug and crime? My topic is deliberately based on whether or not there is a relationship between drug crime. My reasoning and facts should persuade you to believe that crime drug are related. My essay will have quotes, facts, and reasoning, which will all revolve on my essential question. Drug related offenses and a drug-using lifestyle are major contributors to the U.S crime problem. Provisional data from 1991 showRead MoreCriminal Justice Process Ensures Individuals Rights1439 Words   |  6 Pagessystem is divided into three main components. The first component is the police and law enforcement. This may involve state, federal and municipal agencies that have the responsibility of ensuring peace, providing emergency assistance, investigating crimes and apprehending suspects. The second component is the court system, which is involved in the prosecution of criminal suspects, carrying out trials and giving out sentences to those found guilty of their offences. The third component is the correctionalRead MoreDrugs, Crime And Violence915 Words   |  4 Pageshas high levels of drug use (Abadinsky, 2014). Drugs, crime and violence are related in a number of ways. The most obvious reason is that certain drugs are deemed illegal in the United States; therefore, making it a crime to use, possess, distribute, or manufacture these substances (Abadinsky, 2014). These drugs can influence the user’s behavior and can lead to violent acts or other criminal activity being committed. This essay will examine the connection between drugs, crime and violence and discussRead MoreMandatory Sentencing For Minor Drug Offences957 Words   |  4 Pages1971, the United States has been on a war against drugs. Yet four decades and one trillion dollars later, we are still fighting this war (Branson). All that we have to show for this war is drugs running rampant and tons of citizens incarcerated. Mandatory sentencing for minor drug offences should be overturned due to overflowing prisons, damaging families, and the scare tactic it was created to be has failed. Due to mandatory sentencing for minor drug offences, the American prison system is overflowingRead MoreEffects Of Decriminalization Of Drugs786 Words   |  4 PagesDecriminalization of Drugs The War on Drugs has been a miserable failure. Prohibition does not work—if people need their fix, then they somehow find a way to get it. Obviously, it would be a much better world out there if drug abuse did not exist; nevertheless, users are still going to seek out ways to use and abuse drugs. Controlled substances are dangerous and should be treated with respect. People in possession of drugs should be treated with respect and not be looked at as violent criminals. Drug decriminalization

Native American Identity A Diverse And Multicultural...

When viewing the Native American population, it is easy to overlook the complexity of a very diverse and multicultural community. According to the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) (2016) there are 566 Federally recognized tribes in the United States. Each tribe has unique cultural differences based on language, geographical settlement, and cultural beliefs. Many tribes speak different languages to this day and other tribes hold historical reference to nomadic lifestyle in comparison to other tribe’s preference of stable farming. Though there is diversity displayed through historical record, the introduction of European migration created a tragic commonality severely affecting Native American identity. The conceptualization of Native American identity is to consider tribal membership, specific customs, and traditions as a definition of â€Å"Indianness† (Choudhuri, Santiago-Rivera Garrett, 2012). This identity of thriving nations across the continent were reduced to reser vations, forced to change cultural livelihood, and abandon self-governed society as they were forced to assimilate to European culture and ideology. With dramatic decrease to the access of cultural heritage, Native American’s as a whole began the struggle to hold onto tradition and culture over generations. Counseling the Native American community begins with recognizing prevalent mental health issues, recommended treatment approaches, and understanding the differences between individual and community whenShow MoreRelatedA Learning Diverse Environment : A Multicultural Education1383 Words   |  6 PagesLearning Diverse Environment A multicultural education is a form of education that incorporates a diverse cultural background into learning. Having a multicultural education is beneficial in an abundance of ways especially for the younger generation. American schools should implement multicultural education in classrooms to promote positive attitudes toward one own’s culture and others. The US Census Bureau claimed that America consists of six different races (excluding Whites or Americans): AmericanRead MoreDiversity, Racial, And Cultural Factors1277 Words   |  6 Pages Multicultural competence is defined as acquiring the essential skills in order to interact successful with individuals of diverse cultural or ethnic backgrounds (Holcomb- Mc Coy Myers, 1999). Multicultural competency in counseling helps clinicians diminish the deeply rooted assumptions of a particular group and enables them understand their own values and gain a better perspective and empathy to successfully respond towards the needs of diverse populations. Clinicians are able to learn and recognizeRead MoreThe Benefits of a Multicultural America1460 Words   |  6 Pages GEN. 220 February 27, 2014 The benefits of a Multicultural America In America, people are born and raised to believe that this country was founded on human rights such as life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. In reality these rights were not always accessible for minorities in United States. Minorities in America have had to overcome obstacles including being treated as second class citizens. Multiculturalism has existed throughout the history of America. People have migratedRead MoreMulticulturalism in America: A Modern Day Interpretation1610 Words   |  6 Pagessituation. Multiculturalism, once a radical idea in America, has risen through time to promote peace and equal coexistence for Americans. In order for a society to be great, it needs to promote and encourage the fair treatment of everyone equally. All of this can be accomplished with the once radical idea of multiculturalism is a belief that encourages the settlement of communities that contain different aspects of cultural behaviors and thinking. Throughout the history of the United States, the conceptRead MoreMulticultural Families1852 Words   |  8 PagesMulticultural Families Tammy Thomas Liberty University Abstract This paper discusses the dynamic issues involving the diversity of multicultural families in regards to race, ethnicity, socioeconomic, gender and sexual orientation. This paper will also highlight same or different minority or cultural backgrounds, identity and biases involving multicultural families. How multicultural families incorporate their beliefs, cultures and values into a family unit as well as the transformation of acculturationRead MoreDiversity And Diversity Within The Classroom1550 Words   |  7 Pagespromote the different cultures. When a teacher values diversity, this attitude will trickle down and impact students in a positive way. It is not enough to just talk about being diverse, teachers must show they embrace multiculturalism through their actions. For example, when asking students to solve a problem, assemble diverse teams of students with varying skills and perspectives to work together in groups to solve the problem. Teachers must also provide students with a safe, inclusive, supportingRead MoreCultural Identity And Ethnic Identity1253 Words   |  6 PagesThe models of cultural identity share most of the same mutual characteristic but the experiences each individual endure in life will have the individual thinking about their belief. The cultural identity is the individuality or feeling of belonging. When thinking about a Native American understanding the racial and ethnic identity of an individual is important part of that individual. Racial and ethnic identity is a contribution to complete understanding the Native American. For some mainly noticeableRead MoreCultural And Educational Areas Of The United States1703 Words   |  7 Pagescultural and educational areas. We went over a large variety of multicultural influences and their impact on us personally and in educational settings, and I feel that I have grown immensely in numerous categories. Culture is such a big part of all of our e veryday lives, and it impacts the way to act much more than we could ever realize. The world is full of diversity, throughout every continent. The United States is becoming more and more diverse as time goes on, and some people need to change with theRead MoreThe Role of Multicultural Literature Essay1213 Words   |  5 PagesAs globalization is on the rise, so is the diverse student population rising in schools all over the United States, including students who are learning English as a new language. These students are English Language Learners (ELLs); they are learning English for the first time in addition to their native language. They’ve either had little or no knowledge of English before entering the school environment. According to the National Center of Educational Statistics (2013), an estimated 4.7 million orRead MoreMulticultural Competence Of School Psychologists1031 Words   |  5 PagesMulticultural Competence of School Psychologists For more than two decades, school psychology has known about the necessity for, and importance of, developing multicultural competence (Fouad Arrendondo, 2007). From research, ethics, and practice standards, school psychologists and other school personnel have been aware that an effective school professional is multiculturally competent and able to make sense of students’ sociocultural, socioracial, and sociopolitical backgrounds that

Taxation Rules And Regulations On Monish -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Taxation Rules And Regulations On Monish? Answer: Introducation The annual report of Monash IVF Group Ltd has been analysed with a view to evaluate the stock and contributed capital of company Common stock Contributed capital Accumulated profit Retained earnings and reserve. It is observed that common stock is the accounting of money given by shareholders for the ownership. On the other hand, Contributed capital is also the same amount but not redeemable unit and unless company is wind up. Accumulated profit is the overall profit collected by the company since then. Retained earnings and reserve is the amount of profit which has not distributed by company to its stakeholders (Blouin and Robinson, 2014). Equity (Amount in dollar million) ($M) 2017 2016 Common stock 428 423 Accumulated profit (113) (104) Retained earning 161 161 Total equity 287 288 Discussion on the retained earning Company has maintained stable retained earnings in both years. However, the main objective of not plugging back of this capital in its business is based on the return on capital employed of company. Monash IVF Group Ltd is not finding a good reason to expand its business as company is having sluggish market conditions. It is considered that tax is the amount which is charged on the profited of company. Monash IVF Group Ltd has paid tax amount AUD $ 12 million. Company has Monash IVF Group Ltd has maintained stable tax payment since last two year which is good indicator for company (Brondolo, 2009) Particular(AUD $ in million) 2015 2016 Income tax expenses 12 12 Company has to adopt proper tax planning process with a view to reduce the tax payment. In addition to this, company has increased deferred tax liabilities by AUD $ 1 million. After evaluating the annual report of Monash IVF Group Ltd, it is observed that tax expenses shown in the books of account of company is not same as the amount computed by charging 30% tax on the profit of company. It is considered that Monash IVF Group Ltd has paid tax AUD $ 12 million. On the other hand, if tax rates time tax payment is computed it would be around 30% % net profit i.e. 41* 30%= AUD 12.3. However, this is very less amount of tax differences. It has aroused due to difference between the accounting and taxation law rules and regulations (Monash IVF Group Ltd, 2017) Explain why this It is considered that treatment of charging tax on the earned profit is different in accounting and income tax rules and regulations. The tax expenses shown in the financial statement of company would be based on the income tax rules and regulations. On the other hand, tax rate computed on the net profit would be based on the profit computed as per the rule and regulations. There are main two reasons of differences. First is related to recording of revenue and expenses in profit and loss account as per the accounting and income tax rules and regulations. As there is different recording of expenses and revenue, such as charging depreciation, recording donation and bad debts as per the accounting and income tax rules and regulation as per AASB-122. The annual report of Monash IVF Group Ltd has shown that it has recorded deferred tax liabilities amount AUD $ 2 million in its non-current liabilities. This deferred tax amount needs to be recognized and carried forward to the extent that is reasonably sufficient for the future taxable income. It is analysed that Monash IVF Group Ltd has paid lower tax as per its income tax rules and regulation as compared to its tax computation based on the accounting rules. .therefore, payment beyond that has been kept at the deferred tax liabilities. It reflects that company may need to pay this tax payment in future if taxation rules and regulations policies changes (Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2013). On the other hand, if Monash IVF Group Ltd pays higher tax as per the income tax rules as per the accounting rules and regulations then it needs to charge in its books of account of company. Particular (AUD $ million) 2017 2016 Deferred tax assets 2 1 Current tax assets and other income tax payable by company With the ramified changes in taxation rules and regulations, company needs to book taxation payment entries in its books of account to keep the record of the tax payment. In Monash IVF Group Ltd, company was having AUD $ 10 million tax payable which it has recorded in its current liabilities section. It reflects that company may need to pay current tax to government in near future (Gitman, Juchau and Flanagan, 2015). Deferred tax payment of Monash IVF Group Ltd in 2017 is zero. Company has paid all of its deferred tax to government AUD $ 10 million in 2016. Particular(AUD $ in million) 2016 2017 Income tax payable 10 0 Why income tax expenses is not same as the income tax payable It is evaluated that income tax payable of company was AUD $ 10 million in 2016 which has gone down to zero. It is the amount of tax which would be payable by Monash IVF Group Ltd in near future. On the other hand, income tax expenses are the amount charged on the profit and loss account of company and would be deducted from its net profit. Income tax payable includes all the tax payment including for all the years. In addition to this, income tax expenses are the charged only on the current year profit of company. Is the expenses shown in the income statement is not same as the income tax paid in its cash flow statement? If not After evaluating the annual report of Monash IVF Group Ltd, it is considered that income tax expenses shown in the income statement is not same as the income tax paid in its cash flow statement (Evers, Meier, and Spengel, 2014). Why are the differences? Cash flow statement reflects the cash inflow and outflow of money in the current year irrespective of the fact that it relates to current year or previous year. The cash flow of income tax reflects the tax payment of company irrespective of the fact that it relates to current year or previous year. The income tax shown in the cash flow statement is zero. It reflects that in current year company has paid zero amount of tax. On the other hand, income tax expenses shown in the profit and loss account is the amount of tax charged on the profit and loss account. The current tax expenses of Monash IVF Group Ltd is AUD $ 12 million. Now in the end, it could be inferred that each and every statement of company has its own recording process and values. These documents serve their own particular objects. There is zero amount of tax payment in the current year of Monash IVF Group Ltd. Therefore, there is no amount shown in the cash flow statement of company. Treatment of recording of tax in the books of account of Monash IVF Group Ltd Interesting thing about the recorded its entire tax amount Recording of income tax in the books of account of company is based on the taxation rules and regulations given under AASB-112. It is considered that entries for tax recording are done in the profit and loss account, balance sheet and cash flow statement. The main interesting thing about the recording of tax is related to contradiction of tax computation as per the accounting rules and regulations and taxation rules and regulations (Monash IVF Group Ltd, 2017). Surprising thing about the recorded its entire tax amount The main surprising thing about recording of tax in the books of Monash IVF Group Ltd is related to corporate governance recording and income tax rules. Company needs to block high amount in its deferred tax liabilities in case its tax computation is low as per the accounting rules while comparing the same with the taxation rules. In addition to this, Monash IVF Group Ltd can never have deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at the same. Difficulty in recorded the entire tax amount Monash IVF Group Ltd has complex tax recording structure. The main problem arise when the income tax expenses is not same as per the tax rate income computation of company. Monash IVF Group Ltd has found difficult to bifurcate tax payment as per the rule and regulation given under AASB-112. New insight about the company account for the income tax The main insight about the recording of tax in the books of account is related to changing taxation rules and regulations. Company needs to be ready and alert for the taxation rules and regulation. Company might face cumbersome and complicated process while recording of taxation rules and regulation in its books of account. References Ballas, A.A., Skoutela, D. and Tzovas, C.A., 2010. The relevance of IFRS to an emerging market: evidence from Greece.Managerial Finance,36(11), pp.931-948. Blouin, J.L. and Robinson, L.A., 2014. Insights from academic participation in the FAF's initial PIR: The PIR of FIN 48.Accounting Horizons,28(3), pp.479-500. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013. Financial accounting: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brondolo, J., 2009.Collecting taxes during an economic crisis: challenges and policy options(No. 2009-2017). International Monetary Fund. Evers, M.T., Meier, I. and Spengel, C., 2014. Transparency in Financial Reporting: Is Country-by-Country Reporting suitable to combat international profit shifting?. Gitman, L.J., Juchau, R. and Flanagan, J., 2015.Principles of managerial finance. Pearson Higher Education AU. Monash IVF Group Ltd, 2017, annual report, Retrieved on 22st January, 2017 from https://ir.monashivfgroup.com.au/Investor-Centre/?page=Annual-Report

The Arctic Circle Essays - Reindeer, Caribou, Environmental Science

The Arctic Circle Ditions enclose roughly the same territory, which is somewhat larger than the region bounded by the Arctic Circle, and will be used as the basis for this article.The largest Arctic tundra areas are in Canada, Russia, Greenland (Kalatdlit-Nunat), Scandinavia, Iceland and Alaska.Climate and Land Formation Tundra climate is characterized by harsh winters, low average temperatures, little snow or rainfall, and a short summer season (Goudie 1993). The arctic tundra, in particular, is influenced by permafrost, a layer of permanently frozen subsoil in the ground. The surface soil, which tends to be rocky, thaws in summer to varying depths. The combination of frozen ground and flat terrain on the tundra impedes the drainage of water. Held at the surface or saturating the upper layer of soil, the water forms ponds and bogs that provide moisture for plants, thereby counteracting the low precipitation.In relatively well-drained locations, the periodic freezing and thawing of the soi gy are also extremely important. Some animals adapt well to Arctic conditions; for instance, a number of species of mammals and birds carry additional insulation, such as fat, in cold months (Urquhart 1995).The Arctic has more than 400 species of flowering plants. The vast stretches of tundra that cover the plains and coastal regions consist of low creeping shrubs, grasses, thick growths of lichens and mosses, and herbs and sedges.Abundant animal life inhabits the Arctic, both on land and in the sea. Arctic mammals include polar bear, arctic fox, ermine, marten, arctic wolf, wolverine, walrus, seal, caribou, reindeer (domesticated caribou), musk-ox, lemming, arctic hare, and many species of whale.Birds are plentiful throughout the Arctic Regions. The guillemot and little auk nest by the thousands along cliffs. Ravens, snow buntings, and sandpipers have been seen in the remotest northern land regions, as have the snowy owl and the gyrfalcon. Various species of gull, including the jaeger, also r ange far t laska and northern Canada still follow a subsistence lifestyle. They live as their ancestors have, measuring their lives with the caribou.The Porcupine caribou herd sustains some 7,000 aboriginal people in northern Canada and Alaska. They rely on caribou meat for food and on the herd for learning the ways of their culture. For the Gwich'in, which means "caribou people," this animal is the spiritual center of life. Young men learn from their fathers and uncles how to hunt wisely and use all parts of the animal. Young women learn from their mothers and aunts how to preserve the meat and take care of the hides. Elders share their knowledge with their people, teaching them how to make valuable medicines and clothing from the caribou.Today the essentials of life, the values and social order of the Gwich'in depends upon nature's natural cycle, and the return of the caribou. For these people, the caribou must return each year forever.If the Porcupine caribou herd is disrupted, e ven for a few years, ding air currents bearing pollution from the industrial countries and the fact that most of the pollutants biomagnify in fat are threatening the very survival of humans and animals living in the Arctic. Fat is packed with energy making it possible for marine animals and humans to survive in the Arctic (meat and sugar diets are not adequate in the frigid climate) but the fat diet magnifies pollution. The international fund for animal welfare recently found arctic seals to be polluted with 29 chemicals including pesticides, PCBs, arsenic, mercury, cadmium as well as hydrocarbons from petrol soot and tar. The seals milk contained radioactive caesium-137 and strontium 90 from reactor wastes. Polar bears, walruses and humans top the food chain and bear pollution loads that have begun to threaten their survival. When PCBs reach a critical level in fat, males loose the ability to produce sperm, the most efficient food gatherers are sterilized first leaving profound imp acts on the evolution of the animals. T rmer Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and North America. DDT long banned in Canada and the United States is used extensively in Central and South America and is a threatening pollutant of the Arctic. A recent study traced DDT and PCBs from the Caribbean (including industrial Merida) up the Mississippi Valley to Southwestern Ontario and presumably beyond

Free Essays on Scarlett Letter

Punishment has always revolved around the same ideas, to discipline an individual, and to set an example for the rest of society, discouraging them from following in a convict’s footprints. Either way, the end result is to set a criminal apart from the rest of society. Today we publicize the effects of our judicial system to a great extent, whether it is an open courtroom, or a televised execution, people tend to feel some type of relif watching the hand of the law in action. In the begining of the book The Scarlett Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, when Hester is upon the scaffold in the marketplace in front of the whole town, women in the crowd are heard gossiping. They remark about the fact that Hester has received a reduced sentence: "At the very least, they should have put the brand of a hot iron on Hester Prynne’s forehead. Madame Hester would have winced at that, I warrant me†¦"(49). The women in the crowd see her as a horrible woman who has committed the ultimate sin. But they are also threatened by the fact that she did receive a reduced sentence. This is just like what happens in our society today when we hear of an accused childer molester, or robber walking away as a freeman. Even as innocent as they may be, it scares us when they move into our neighborhoods and come in contact with our own children and lives. It takes them 100 times the effort to win our trust as it would any other person.... Free Essays on Scarlett Letter Free Essays on Scarlett Letter Punishment has always revolved around the same ideas, to discipline an individual, and to set an example for the rest of society, discouraging them from following in a convict’s footprints. Either way, the end result is to set a criminal apart from the rest of society. Today we publicize the effects of our judicial system to a great extent, whether it is an open courtroom, or a televised execution, people tend to feel some type of relif watching the hand of the law in action. In the begining of the book The Scarlett Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, when Hester is upon the scaffold in the marketplace in front of the whole town, women in the crowd are heard gossiping. They remark about the fact that Hester has received a reduced sentence: "At the very least, they should have put the brand of a hot iron on Hester Prynne’s forehead. Madame Hester would have winced at that, I warrant me†¦"(49). The women in the crowd see her as a horrible woman who has committed the ultimate sin. But they are also threatened by the fact that she did receive a reduced sentence. This is just like what happens in our society today when we hear of an accused childer molester, or robber walking away as a freeman. Even as innocent as they may be, it scares us when they move into our neighborhoods and come in contact with our own children and lives. It takes them 100 times the effort to win our trust as it would any other person....

Dalai Lamas Vancouver Peace Summit Comments

Dalai Lama's Vancouver Peace Summit Comments About a month ago, the Dalai Lama said something about women that is just now making the rounds on Twitter. His statement, The world will be saved by the western woman, was delivered during the Vancouver Peace Summit 2009, which opened on the morning of Sunday, September 27th. Although Im still trying to track down a transcript of the speech containing the above statement, the Dalai Lama participated in more than one panel discussion that day, and the event most likely to have provoked such a strongly worded declaration was the Nobel Laureates in Dialogue: Connecting for Peace presentation held that afternoon. Moderated by former Irish president and peace activist Mary Robinson, the panel discussion featured four Nobel Peace Prize Laureates: the Dalai Lama (who won in 1989); Mairead Maguire and Betty Williams, founders of the Northern Ireland Peace Movement and winners of the Nobel in 1976; and anti-landmine crusader Jody Williams, an American peace prize winner in 1997. If the western woman statement were made in the context of the Dalai Lamas appearance with these extraordinary women, the words would seem less stunning than sensible. Truly, these western women have already changed the world, and have been doing so for more than three decades. Writing for the Interaction Institute for Social Change (IISC) blog, executive director Marianne Hughes ponders the idea of the aging women as hag (originally a representation of feminine power) and how it relates to the Dalai Lamas statement: Im not entirely sure what he meant...but I am wondering if when he travels across the globe and sees so many of our sisters impoverished and repressed he sees western women of all ages in a position to speak out for justice and to take on the responsibilities of the hag... to take loving care of the planet and its people. The Dalai Lamas comment about western women was not the only notable pro-female statement he made during the summit. In the Vancouver Sun,  Amy OBrian quotes others including a call for increased emphasis on the promotion of women to positions of influence. In response to a moderators question about what he sees as priorities in the quest for world peace, heres what the Dalai Lama said: Some people may call me a feminist...But we need more effort to promote basic human values - human compassion, human affection. And in that respect, females have more sensitivity for others pain and suffering. World-saving aside, women do what they do because its work that needs to be done. None of them do it with an eye toward winning a Nobel Peace Prize, but the acknowledgment is valuable in that it draws attention to these efforts and eases the ever-present fund-raising struggle...and recruits more followers, like those who are retweeting the Dalai Lamas statement. Hopefully every woman who forwards those words will dig down deep enough to find the source of his inspiration and understand that he honors real women whose work continues day in, day out...regardless of whether theyre in the limelight or not.

Animation Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Animation Critique - Essay Example For instance, the end of world war II had bring devastation to Japan and crimes and evils had increased at that time too, so Astro is shown saving people and stopping US Force from attacking poor Vietnamese. (Tezuka Osamu and Astro Boy, 2008). Moving towards the animation techniques used in the film; the first is computer aided techniques, which is 2D and 3D. For instance, in the movie Astro lashes needed to be long and curl, hence 3D techniques were used to achieve this feat. It was also used to fabricate vertices, edges and faces (Taylor, 2002). Furthermore, facial expression were also used such as parameterization to obtain a smiling, laughing or angry Astro Boy face or to remove wrinkles and to make these facial expression of Astro more realistic 2D and 3D morphing were also executed (Noh, 1998). Apart from these different other techniques were also implemented such as three fram shooting to emply a full animation, stop images to display a still photo of a crowd or still reaction from Astro Boy, Pull-Cells to make the scene with Astro flying or mving to save people and repetaition technique to illustrate Astro by walking around (Steinberg, 2006). Before rating the movie, we will use eight judging criteria. The storytelling was good as the Astro acts of saving people provided with a moral message, the clarity of the scenes are also present and timing is perfectly used. Secondly, the 12 principles of animation were also utilized to portray facial expressions, fight scenes and the normal stance in the movie. The tchnical criteria was also met with the help of major and crucial animation techniques, the movie was properly paced with perfect display, camera angles and lip synchorization. Aesthetics was also given attention as the coloring was matched and expressing, art in form of bulding and characters were also present perfectly and use of sound was also present when Astro was in figh with the villans, good sound of

The United States Patriot Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The United States Patriot Act - Essay Example The PATRIOT Act was enacted to protect US citizens by augmenting the tools by which law enforcement agencies fight crime and improves communication capabilities between these government agencies. In spite of the prevailing majority opinion, the PATRIOT Act protects, rather than degrades, civil liberties. The name of the act, the USA PATRIOT Act, is a shortened acronym for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism. According to the Justice Department, the PATRIOT Act gives support to and encourages enhanced sharing of information among various law enforcement agencies at the local, state and federal levels. In addition, this law assists law enforcement in their efforts to â€Å"connect the dots† from a wider scope of agencies when assembling evidence so as to â€Å"develop a complete picture† regarding possible threats from terrorists. By enabling more fluid communications between the various agencies, information regarding a particular suspect can be matched up faster, often automatically by computer database, and more accurately identified. This assists in increasing the safety of citizens both by removing dangerous suspects from the general population before they are able to cause serious trouble and by ensuring innocent citizens are cleared and released in a timely and efficient manner if or when mistakes are made. Communications is the focus of the other major element of the act as well. The Act allows law enforcement officials more latitude when attempting to intercept transmissions of suspected terrorist’s discussions via electronic surveillance (Ward, 2002). This is not a blanket license for law enforcement to listen to anyone’s line based upon a simple whim or roll of the dice, but is instead intended to help investigators trace suspicious person’s through their more intimate and therefore

Corporal of Marines Essay Example for Free

Corporal of Marines Essay Corporal of Marines BY Jkid43 What It Means To Be a Corporal of Marines A Corporal of United States Marine Corps had duty and responsibility that they carry out and sever on a day to day base. A Corporal is the lowest as a Noncommissioned Officer in the Marines Corps. A Corporal helps establish good order and discipline for their Marines. Corporals are held accounted for their and their Marines action. As Corporal of Marines they lead their Marines with firmness, fairness, and dignity. Corporals should have confidence, communicate, and good decision making. Corporal makes timely decision not only in combat, but in garrison oo. A Corporal is responsible for their self, along for their Marines. As Corporals their actions and decisions reflects the mission and welfare of their Marines. As NCO, Corporals must accept the responsible of their leadership roles. Corporals as leaders must understand his roles and Marines. For Corporal they must know their Marines comparability, weakness, and effeteness. Corporal is also responsible for their Marines actions. As NCO, Corporals hold accountable for the action their Marines do good or bad. Corporals serve as mentors for theirs Marines and should know their Marines. Which allow Corporal to make decisions base on their Marines abilities. Corporals also are responsible for the well-being and welfare of their Marines. Corporals should insure that their Marine is taken care on and off duty. To ensure if a Marine have an issue that they take the necessary action to ensure marine problem is resolve. Corporals needs to ensure that their Marines have necessary things need for accomplish the mission that their tasks with. Corporals are also responsible for the development and mentors for their Marines. Corporals should ensure that their Marines are challenged and motivated to the best of ability. A Corporal duty as a NCO is to enforce the rules and regulations on a daily base in the Uniform Code of Military Justice UCMJ. Corporals must understand, follows, and enforce the IJCMJ for their Marines. Corporal have a wide range of Jobs among the very wide range of thing Marines do, but their essential duty is to supervise their work and maintain discipline for their Marines. Corporal must ensure that they understand any tasks giving to them. Corporal should also ensure that they have the necessary plan and executing to accomplish the mission. Corporal should get feedback from their senior leader for guides and development to ensure they can leads the Marines better. Corporals duty is to ensure that their Marine is properly trained for any type of mission given to them. When training the Marines, Corporals should ensure that the Marines have their proper equipment, food, water and mind- set when training. Corporals must understand the safety and well-being of their Marine. Ensure that their Marine is healthy mentality, physically, emotionally, and spiritually. Corporal duty is also establish good communicates with their Marines. Corporals need to ensure that their marine understand and can accomplish any tasks give to them and supervise to the standard set by the Corporals. The Corporal superiors. This includes the health of each Marine, supply requirements and any other need to ensure the Marines are prepared for any situation. Overall Corporals have a lot of responsible and duties that they must carry out. That core values honor, courage and commitment is emplaced in their Marine, and along themselves. Corporals are to set the example for their Marines emulate. Corporals are to hold themselves to a high stand also.

I Remember :: Personal Narrative Nuclear Bombing Violence Essay

I Remember I remember Rick's face as he turned away from the window and came back toward his seat that day; it had a look of horror I was to never forget. His face expressed seriousness, disbelief, and sadness. We were all terror-stricken after we knew the awful truth, but Rick had seen it. He knew before all of us. Even before his eyes began to have problems, he was visibly affected by the bomb. I remember that day as if it were yesterday. It all started with more subtle things such as the small bomb at the World Trade Center, but then bigger disasters began to occur. When the bomb hit Idaho, everyone was devastated. . . . "What do you mean it's not an earthquake, Rick?" I asked. Before he could answer, we heard an announcement over the intercom telling all classes to get to a television. The newscaster's words shocked us all. "...what appears to be a bomb of nuclear origin. We are still trying to discover who dropped this bomb. All we currently know is that INEEL has gone up in flames as a result, and we have heard of no survivors so far." Everything began to sink in slowly . . . a nuclear bomb? INEEL? No survivors? What about radiation? I began to worry about everything at once. The school called an assembly ten minutes later. Many of us wandered into the gym in a daze. Some people didn't seem to know what was going on, or else weren't affected. As I looked around the crowded gym, the sea of faces reflected their emotions. Mr. Kyrel, a science teacher, looked extremely grim. He sat on a bleacher with his head in his hands. He wasn't paying any attention to the students passing by him. When he did look up his lips formed a tight line, his hair was tousled, and every wrinkle on his brow was visible. He sat in solitude with solemness etched into his eyes. A student on the other side of the gym was crying hysterically. Several people surrounded her. Her face was contorted by her anguish and sorrow. Those around her looked distressed as well, but they were focusing on calming her down. In another area of the gym a junior b oy was clowning around with a friend of his. He didn't seem to know what was happening. I Remember :: Personal Narrative Nuclear Bombing Violence Essay I Remember I remember Rick's face as he turned away from the window and came back toward his seat that day; it had a look of horror I was to never forget. His face expressed seriousness, disbelief, and sadness. We were all terror-stricken after we knew the awful truth, but Rick had seen it. He knew before all of us. Even before his eyes began to have problems, he was visibly affected by the bomb. I remember that day as if it were yesterday. It all started with more subtle things such as the small bomb at the World Trade Center, but then bigger disasters began to occur. When the bomb hit Idaho, everyone was devastated. . . . "What do you mean it's not an earthquake, Rick?" I asked. Before he could answer, we heard an announcement over the intercom telling all classes to get to a television. The newscaster's words shocked us all. "...what appears to be a bomb of nuclear origin. We are still trying to discover who dropped this bomb. All we currently know is that INEEL has gone up in flames as a result, and we have heard of no survivors so far." Everything began to sink in slowly . . . a nuclear bomb? INEEL? No survivors? What about radiation? I began to worry about everything at once. The school called an assembly ten minutes later. Many of us wandered into the gym in a daze. Some people didn't seem to know what was going on, or else weren't affected. As I looked around the crowded gym, the sea of faces reflected their emotions. Mr. Kyrel, a science teacher, looked extremely grim. He sat on a bleacher with his head in his hands. He wasn't paying any attention to the students passing by him. When he did look up his lips formed a tight line, his hair was tousled, and every wrinkle on his brow was visible. He sat in solitude with solemness etched into his eyes. A student on the other side of the gym was crying hysterically. Several people surrounded her. Her face was contorted by her anguish and sorrow. Those around her looked distressed as well, but they were focusing on calming her down. In another area of the gym a junior b oy was clowning around with a friend of his. He didn't seem to know what was happening.

Water Molecule

Free Essays Must Be Free! TM Water Is Essential To Life Term paper While the free essays can give you inspiration for writing, they cannot be used ‘as is' because they will not meet your assignment's requirements. If you are in a time crunch, then you need a custom written term paper on your subject (water is essential to life) Here you can hire an independent writer/researcher to custom write you an authentic essay to your specifications that will pass any plagiarism test (e. g. Turnitin). Waste no more time! Water is Essential to Life Water is Essential for Life Water is the most important substance in our evolution and our daily lives.Without water, life as we know it would not have been possible. †¦ Water is Essential for Life Water is the most important substance in our evolution and our daily lives. Without water, life as we know it would not have been possible. It's important to understand and examine the water molecule in order to ascertain how it brought about Ear th's thriving ecosystem and how important it is for us today. Water is a strong solvent, it's a very unique molecule that can breaks and reforms constantly. Each water molecule consists acid What is acid rain? Acid rain is the term for pollution caused †¦ f one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms. The oxygen atom also called the â€Å"apex of the water molecule† bears a slight electronegative charge while hydrogen possesses a more positive one (Kirk 225). Because of the opposite charges attract, the water molecules are drawn together. When an oxygen atom is linked to a molecule's hydrogen atom, a bond called a hydrogen bond is formed (Kirk 256). There are several types of water molecule such as liquid water, ice and water The Debate Over A Century Old Law English 201 The Debate Over a Century Old Law Thesis: The showdown in the west between the U. S.Government and †¦ vapor. These are all as important as we need in our daily lives. In a liquid form of water it has no such spaces because hydrogen bonds constantly breaks and reforms. Thus ice is stable hydrogen bonds that bonded together, it's less dense and will float on liquid water. If it's not this reason, the great bodies of water would freeze from the bottom up without the insulation of a top layer of ice, and all life in the climatic change I. SUMMARY: This paper looks at the controversial issue of climatic change. In particular, it develops the question of if and why earth’s climate is changing?The roles †¦ water would all die (Bio ;notes) Water is a very small molecule that has its own unique properties therefore it behaves like a larger one. The bonds between water molecules are the covalent bonds ;these bonds are so strong that water resists changes in its state. For example, solid, liquid and gas. Thus water has a higher melting point and a higher boiling point than any other molecule of similar size (Kirk 256). When heat is applied to solid Humans Soon to be Extinct†¦ Say it ain't so Humans Soon to be Extinct†¦ Say it ain't so!! by Ryan Shoquist English 121 Dr.Gilliard November 23, 1996 Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. page Body†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. pages †¦ water, some hydrogen bonds get so much kinetic energy that they break and the ice melts. Whereas liquid water does not necessarily have all four hydrogen bonds present at all times but it must somehow retain some of them so if any object penetrates water, it must be able to break the hydrogen bonds on the surface of the water. These bonds normally resist breaking but The rest of the paper is available free of charge to our registered users.The registration process just couldn't be easier. Log in or register now. It is all free! 1. â€Å"Biology Today†, Kirk David : Third Edition, Random House Publishers, 1980 2. General Biolog y,: Chemical Foundations of Life or â€Å"Asking about Life†, Tobin and Dusheck, 1998. 3. â€Å"Concepts and Challenged in Life Science†, Stanley Wolfe: Second Edition, ? 1989, 1986 Globe Book Company; Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632 Share on linkedin Share on facebook Share on twitter Share on email More Sharing Services 0 You should cite this paper as follows: MLA Style . EssayMania. com. Retrieved on 30 Mar, 2013 from More College Papers ater essay Fresh water is one of our most important natural resources because it's needed for survival and there is no substitute for it. Unlike energy, which has many alternative forms there are no alternatives for water. Most of our earth is covered by water, but only a tiny amount is available for fresh wat watership down essay Hazel became the leader of the rabbits once they left their original warren. He was a very smart and tricky rabbit who won the respect and trust of the other rabbits by his courage and many great deeds. He always handled problems calmly so others would also remained calm. Whenever a plan was neeWatergate Thesis essay Table of Contents Table of Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pg. 1 Thesis and Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pg. 2-10 Appendix A (Definitions). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pg. 11 List of Works Cited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pg. 12 Menu Hire Writer Free Essays Essay Database Login Register Share More Sharing ServicesShare  © 2013 EssayMania. com. All Rights Reserved. Related Searches: Buy Research Paper Sample College Essay College Essays College Research Paper Essay Examples Writing A Research Paper Essay Writing Service Writing Arguments Essay Writers Writing College Papers Water Molecule Free Essays Must Be Free! TM Water Is Essential To Life Term paper While the free essays can give you inspiration for writing, they cannot be used ‘as is' because they will not meet your assignment's requirements. If you are in a time crunch, then you need a custom written term paper on your subject (water is essential to life) Here you can hire an independent writer/researcher to custom write you an authentic essay to your specifications that will pass any plagiarism test (e. g. Turnitin). Waste no more time! Water is Essential to Life Water is Essential for Life Water is the most important substance in our evolution and our daily lives.Without water, life as we know it would not have been possible. †¦ Water is Essential for Life Water is the most important substance in our evolution and our daily lives. Without water, life as we know it would not have been possible. It's important to understand and examine the water molecule in order to ascertain how it brought about Ear th's thriving ecosystem and how important it is for us today. Water is a strong solvent, it's a very unique molecule that can breaks and reforms constantly. Each water molecule consists acid What is acid rain? Acid rain is the term for pollution caused †¦ f one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms. The oxygen atom also called the â€Å"apex of the water molecule† bears a slight electronegative charge while hydrogen possesses a more positive one (Kirk 225). Because of the opposite charges attract, the water molecules are drawn together. When an oxygen atom is linked to a molecule's hydrogen atom, a bond called a hydrogen bond is formed (Kirk 256). There are several types of water molecule such as liquid water, ice and water The Debate Over A Century Old Law English 201 The Debate Over a Century Old Law Thesis: The showdown in the west between the U. S.Government and †¦ vapor. These are all as important as we need in our daily lives. In a liquid form of water it has no such spaces because hydrogen bonds constantly breaks and reforms. Thus ice is stable hydrogen bonds that bonded together, it's less dense and will float on liquid water. If it's not this reason, the great bodies of water would freeze from the bottom up without the insulation of a top layer of ice, and all life in the climatic change I. SUMMARY: This paper looks at the controversial issue of climatic change. In particular, it develops the question of if and why earth’s climate is changing?The roles †¦ water would all die (Bio ;notes) Water is a very small molecule that has its own unique properties therefore it behaves like a larger one. The bonds between water molecules are the covalent bonds ;these bonds are so strong that water resists changes in its state. For example, solid, liquid and gas. Thus water has a higher melting point and a higher boiling point than any other molecule of similar size (Kirk 256). When heat is applied to solid Humans Soon to be Extinct†¦ Say it ain't so Humans Soon to be Extinct†¦ Say it ain't so!! by Ryan Shoquist English 121 Dr.Gilliard November 23, 1996 Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. page Body†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. pages †¦ water, some hydrogen bonds get so much kinetic energy that they break and the ice melts. Whereas liquid water does not necessarily have all four hydrogen bonds present at all times but it must somehow retain some of them so if any object penetrates water, it must be able to break the hydrogen bonds on the surface of the water. These bonds normally resist breaking but The rest of the paper is available free of charge to our registered users.The registration process just couldn't be easier. Log in or register now. It is all free! 1. â€Å"Biology Today†, Kirk David : Third Edition, Random House Publishers, 1980 2. General Biolog y,: Chemical Foundations of Life or â€Å"Asking about Life†, Tobin and Dusheck, 1998. 3. â€Å"Concepts and Challenged in Life Science†, Stanley Wolfe: Second Edition, ? 1989, 1986 Globe Book Company; Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632 Share on linkedin Share on facebook Share on twitter Share on email More Sharing Services 0 You should cite this paper as follows: MLA Style . EssayMania. com. Retrieved on 30 Mar, 2013 from More College Papers ater essay Fresh water is one of our most important natural resources because it's needed for survival and there is no substitute for it. Unlike energy, which has many alternative forms there are no alternatives for water. Most of our earth is covered by water, but only a tiny amount is available for fresh wat watership down essay Hazel became the leader of the rabbits once they left their original warren. He was a very smart and tricky rabbit who won the respect and trust of the other rabbits by his courage and many great deeds. He always handled problems calmly so others would also remained calm. Whenever a plan was neeWatergate Thesis essay Table of Contents Table of Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pg. 1 Thesis and Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pg. 2-10 Appendix A (Definitions). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pg. 11 List of Works Cited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pg. 12 Menu Hire Writer Free Essays Essay Database Login Register Share More Sharing ServicesShare  © 2013 EssayMania. com. All Rights Reserved. Related Searches: Buy Research Paper Sample College Essay College Essays College Research Paper Essay Examples Writing A Research Paper Essay Writing Service Writing Arguments Essay Writers Writing College Papers

Combining Vinegar and Baking Soda- Lab Report

The second trial displayed similar results of a weak presence of carbon dioxide. The solution bubbled up, the cork stayed stationary in the top of the bottle, but the solid did not dissolve completely. A third trial was performed in which we decided to increase the amount of vinegar used. The indicator which triggered this decision was the resulting solid at the bottom of vessel. In the third trial we kept the baking soda our constant at % TTS. ND deed 2 ounces of vinegar. The results remained similar to trial two. The solution bubbled, the cork remained stationary In the top of the bottle, and there remained solid In the bottom of the vessel. A fourth trial was performed In which we again Increased the amount of vinegar added to dissolve the solid. In the fourth trial we kept the baking soda our constant at % TTS. And added 3 ounces of vinegar. The results Improved slightly as we saw that, although the cork remained stationary, the solution bubbled substantially higher In the bottle displaying a stronger presence of arbor dioxide.It was also noted that the solid that remained was much less than In past trials. A fifth trial was performed in which we again increased the amount of vinegar added to dissolve the solid. In the fifth trial we kept the baking soda our constant at TTS. And added 4 ounces of vinegar. The results dramatically changed. The solution bubbled almost immediately and so quickly that the solution overflowed that there was more than enough baking soda, there may have been too much vinegar added and that the technique of the pour may have been too slow or the exults may have been different.A sixth and final trial was done in which we kept the baking soda our constant at % TTS. And reduced the amount of vinegar poured to approximately 3 h ounces. The pour was done more quickly and the bubbling reaction took place almost immediately. The cork was placed in the bottle after the overflowing had started to occur so the reaction of the cork popping st ill was not quite achieved, however the last trial did show a large amount of carbon dioxide present. The data from each trial is recorded in the table below on the following page.In order to study he reaction we created trials which would allow the chemicals to combine within a vessel. The movement or lack of movement from the cork allowed us to measure the amount of carbon dioxide present in each experiment. My results showed the trial with the greatest reaction was the final trial because the solution bubbled almost more than the other trials. If the cork had been placed inside of the bottle quicker or if the pour had been slightly slower the cork would have popped with stronger force.The trial with the least reaction was trial one because the solution bubbled the least wowing a weak presence of carbon dioxide, the solid dissolved completely and the cork remained completely stationary showing there was very little pressure within the vessel. While observing the experiment, I noti ced that the more vinegar added and the quicker the pour the greater the reaction and the more the solution bubbled. In order to further investigate the experiment, next time I would try the experiment utilizing only one student performing the pour to keep consistency of the control of the pour and the pressure being applied to the cork.

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation and Example

Henderson You can calculate the pH of a buffer solution or the concentration of the acid and base using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Heres a look at the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and a worked example that explains how to apply the equation. Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH, pKa, and molar concentration (concentration in units of moles per liter): pH pKa log ([A-]/[HA]) [A-] molar concentration of a conjugate base [HA] molar concentration of an undissociated weak acid (M) The equation can be rewritten to solve for pOH: pOH pKb log ([HB]/[ B ]) [HB] molar concentration of the conjugate base (M) [ B ] molar concentration of a weak base (M) Example Problem Applying the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation Calculate the pH of a buffer solution made from 0.20 M HC2H3O2 and 0.50 M C2H3O2- that has an acid dissociation constant for HC2H3O2 of 1.8 x 10-5. Solve this problem by plugging the values into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for a weak acid and its conjugate base. pH pKa log ([A-]/[HA]) pH pKa log ([C2H3O2-] / [HC2H3O2]) pH -log (1.8 x 10-5) log (0.50 M / 0.20 M) pH -log (1.8 x 10-5) log (2.5) pH 4.7 0.40 pH 5.1

Funny Birthday Quotes to Get a Laugh

Funny Birthday Quotes to Get a Laugh Nothing works better than the gift of laughter. Get a giggle or a guffaw when you send birthday greetings to your friends, family, or business associates. Some people get glum about seeing another milestone birthday, and a laugh can help ease the melancholy. Others are hoping to be remembered on their special day. So, spread the joy with these funny birthday quotes. Make your loved ones birthdays memorable. AnonymousBirthdays are natures way of telling us to eat more cake.Steven WrightLast week the candle factory burned down. Everyone just stood around and sang, Happy Birthday.Samuel JohnsonThe return of my birthday, if I remember it, fills me with thoughts which it seems to be the general care of humanity to escape.Father Larry LorenzoniBirthdays are good for you. Statistics show that the people who have the most live the longest.​Robert FrostTime and Tide wait for no man, but time always stands still for a woman of thirty.Erma BombeckA friend never defends a husband who gets his wife an electric skillet for her birthday.Mary SchmichLike many women my age, I am 28 years old.George BurnsPeople ask me what Id most appreciate getting for my eighty-seventh birthday. I tell them, a paternity suit.Robert FrostA diplomat is a man who always remembers a womans birthday but never remembers her age.John GlennThere is still no cure for the common birthday.

Family Law - case study1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Family Law - case study1 - Essay Example Furthermore the marriage laws also state that if the marriage has been intimate (consummated) within a 6 month period during which a divorce is filed then the couple is required to wait 6 more months to a year before they can re-file for a divorce decree2. Furthermore the no-fault areas of the marriage, preceding a divorce have to be examined as well. Because John does not want a divorce and wants to work on the marriage then the court would look at the impact a divorce might have on him in particular. However, as was stated, due to the policies surrounding the divorce laws in the UK and England in particular, there will be a great deal of counseling and other interventive measures utilized to try and save this marriage if indeed it were to proceed into the family courts. The primary reasoning for counseling is going to fall into the area of the courts expecting there to be clear and coherent mental competency to ensure that both of the individuals are aware of their actions and are fully understanding of what will take place within their lives after a divorce is granted3. As the laws in cohabitation have changed drastically in the past few years, there are new stipulations in regards to couples who live together and often the same laws that govern marriage apply to cohabitating partners4. However, cohabitant partners are not wholly equal to married couples in all respects, not according to the English laws. For instance married couples do have the protection of marital law to assist them if there are problems that develop that have to do with property or a specific living situation where violence is occurring5. However, following modern civil law, a cohabitating couple such as Jeremy and Claude can adopt a set of rules that ultimately divides the property between the two and of which is upheld in a court of law just as a married couple's property rights would be viewed. Therefore there is the possibility that Jeremy could have a legal way of forcing Claude to vacate the flat that they share but due to the fact that they don't have a legal civil partn ership creates other types of problems besides not being married brings. For instance, without a civil partnership there are no real legal grounds that an individual within a cohabitating relationship can rely on fully. This isn't to say that Jeremy would not have any legal protection at all but the point that is being made is that it would be further complicated by the fact that the two aren't married, there is violence in the relationship, and no civil partnership is in existence to refute any adverse statements or actions that might come into being6. The law is quite clear on one aspect of this domestic problem however, regardless of whether the couple is married or not. Because of the fact that the flat is solely in Jeremy's name the law would stipulate that he could enforce the removal of Claude through a legal means without any adverse repercussions to himself. However, any joint property that remained in the flat would have to be legally divided according to any legal arrange ment that Jeremy and Claude have in affect. If they have none (which without a civil p

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Assignment - Essay Example The act dictates and enforces two major responsibilities to any authority, which are to deny or confirm the availability of information whenever required. Whenever the authority admits to having the information as required, the act requires that the authority confer access to the information to any person in need of it. However, there are exceptions to the access of information with certain groups of persons being accorded full rights to accessing the information while some having some restrictions and subject to test by public interest. The act is driven by basic objectives and principles which include maximizing openness, ability to present information in a more open and comprehensive manner as well maintaining an up to date register or inventory system for the available information. Moreover, the act requires absolute observance of the commercial confidentiality of the public, prompt response as well as maintains the lowest costs possible in dispatching the information; informatio n to be provided free wherever possible2. Public tendering process is often a procedural process, which involves among other process the placement of the tenders’ information for interested contractors to apply. This has lead to devising of the tendering mechanisms such as the competitive tendering and the negotiated procedures of procurement by both the private as well as the public domain besides the open and the closed tendering procedures. The public procurement often involves customized discussions that involves many bidders and, applied in complex procurement procedures. The competitive dialogue method3 is characterized of two basic stages where the contracting authority starts by advertising the opportunities. Interested participants apply and gives the information through which the contracting authority determine the competitiveness of the applicants for the contracts and thus few of the qualified applicants are shortlisted for the second phase which is the actual com petitive dialogue. The dialogue entails thorough discussions with the shortlisted participants and the contracting authority stops to engage when it is assured of proposals that will meet its requirements. After the dialogue, the authority then invites tenders for the contract and the evaluation of the tenders stick to the formula of most economically advantageous. On the other hand, negotiated procedures involve the negotiation of procurement by procurer (contracting authority) and the potential bidders where the most cost effective bidders get the contract award4. The competitive dialogue pass through the two stages as with the prior procedure with the difference notable in that within the negotiated procedures the contracting authority requires proposals from the shortlisted participants before engaging in negotiations. In the analysis of procurement through competitive dialogue as well as the negotiation procedures, the most outstanding thing is that both the procurer and the su pplier has information that the other has not and is important for the tendering process to be efficient as well as successful. The success of the negotiated as well as the competitive dialogue procurement procedures rest on the ability for the parties involved to use the information at hand convincingly to win the contract award. The two procedures therefore run hand in hand and

Toshiba Overview and Global Presence Research Paper

Toshiba Overview and Global Presence - Research Paper Example Toshiba Overview and Global Presence This gives the company a global feel and as a result a competitive edge for its products. Toshiba is also listed in the stock exchange markets in London. The number of shareholders is approximately 457,467 holding a total of 423,760,000 shares (â€Å"Toshiba†). With an asset base of 69,893 million US dollars the company is led by Norio Sasaki together with the other company’s executives and together they have steered the company to success. With the wide range of products and outlets the company has established itself as one of the leading companies in the electronic business providing a wide variety of products. The global presence is an advantage that the competitors have been unable to penetrate successfully. A. Marketing Mix a) Product The company’s products and services are classified under three categories: computers and accessories, home appliances and consumer electronics. The company has a wide variety of innovative laptops, televisions, projectors, lapt op accessories and external hard drives. Business products include copiers, printers, scanners, semi-conductors, hard disk drives, surveillance equipment among others. Industrial products include automation systems, UPS, power systems, LED Display systems and industrial video products. Looking at the wide variety of products each targets a different niche of customers. The products are displayed in variety of showrooms in the various branches. The array of products is geared towards establishment and maintenance of a competitive edge against the competitors. ... The company comes up with new products that provide a wide range of solutions to businesses, industries and individuals as well. The company takes advantage of internet connectivity to conduct E-Commerce where they have come up with their own website. The website has comprehensive details about the company ranging from its products, sales, and policies in short anything you would want to know about a company. i. Cultural Factors Toshiba prides itself in having a strong safety and corporate culture which has been adhered to throughout the business operations. The company provides a plat form of sharing important information and the employees are aware of acceptable code of behavior. The company adopts the culture of employing people who are knowledgeable on current information about technical issues (Whittaker 15). In addition these people are also aware of the environmental issues which enable the company develop safe products. Their culture is flexible to suit the ever changing mark et conditions, with safety attitude being the most important. When taking risks the company’s employees are advised to follow strict guidelines when making risk decisions that affect products safety (Cutts 35). The success of the company has been largely attributed to safety decisions and products. ii. Customization vs. Standardization The choice of customization or standardization depends largely on the product. Toshiba has adopted a method where the customer specifies the features they want in a laptop. The customer will log into their website and choose want they want from wide variety of choices which include internal memory, size of the screen, and speed of the processor at an affordable price. They have also developed a list of

The Determinants of Inflation

The Determinants of Inflation This research provides some interesting facts and phenomena. It has been observed that how inflation can be affected by different factors in the Pakistan economy. How monetary policy and others have impact on inflation. This study reveals some interesting concepts which usually been understood by general. This study covers the aspects in which research analyze that how aggregate demand and money supply can put impact on inflation. The study examine that whether or not by increasing aggregate demand and money supply, the price increase or vice versa. The aggregate demand and money supply used as independent variables and inflation as dependent variable, these all are scale variables. The statistical model apply in the study is Multi Linear Regression given in the SPSS. Key Words: Aggregate Demand, Inflation, Money Supply CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION In this section, the researcher has briefly explained the literature based background of topic of the research, objective of research, methodology adopted in research, research questions followed by hypothesis which were tested in this research study. Overview In the field of economics and finance, inflation and the discount rate policy have very crucial role, discount rate is used as an instrument by Central bank of the country to control the money supply and also inflation. In economics rise in prices is basically known as Inflation or where the supply of increase but actually as we seen in the live situation that both increases side by side. The change in money supply has not been affected by output or the elasticity of output supply has decreasing and become to zero in the impact of money supply when true inflation begins. If inflation is just a general increase in prices as popular thinking has it, then why is it regarded as bad news? What kind of damages does it do? So thats why inflation is most important concern of people as Inflation has put strong impact on the life style of the people. Pakistan is facing the situation of increase in prices because of the increase in demand while on other hand supply respectively constant. To han dle this phenomenon, state bank use discount rate as a tool to handle the money supply and demand. When they want to decrease the inflation, discount rate will increase which causes the decrease of money supply, so by doing this, supply will cope up with the demand of money. Currently if we viewed the situation of underdeveloped countries as well as the developed economies, both are suffer from this inflationary pressure. The whole world according to the current scenario dealing with the pressure of prices increasing phenomena, this is just because of different reason in which we seen that inflation rate was on higher side than the previous years and this also due to increasing unemployment situation, these things are difficult for all to handle the Inflation. So the aim of initializing this research is put focus on how Pakistani authorities taking steps to control the phenomena of inflation, so considering these, steps taken by Pakistani government are precise or not. By initializi ng these steps, Pakistani government will successful to lower down the prices or not. This study is helpful for under developing countries like Pakistan to understand that the factors which are aggregate demand and money supply have some impact on inflation or not. These factors would be the main determinants of inflation in Pakistan like economy or not which is under process towards prosperity. Objective Of The Study The main target of this research is look at the role of different factors and their impact on inflation in the Pakistan economy. How inflation is affected by the aggregate demand and money supply. The aggregate demand and money supply increase then these will have direct impact on inflation or not. Problem Statement It is very important to see the role of inflation in economic environment by all concern personnel. The economy of Pakistan has going towards upward trend from last few years, although there are yet some unsolved very important issues in the economy. The largest issue of the economy is the inflation. In this study, we try to look at the factors affecting inflation, its main causes in this economic scenario of Pakistan and there measures to handle or overcome these. As the core problem, authorities or concern personnel keen to know that how inflation rises and what determinants like money supply and aggregate demand actually have play strong role to maneuver the inflation. They also want to know that whether by increase in money supply, inflation rise or decrease due to reduction in money supply. It is also important to know that when aggregate demand increases, prices goes in upward direction or vice versa. This also knows able that inflation may be impact by money supply or aggregat e demand individually or collectively. Research Questions The researcher has developed following research questions according to the statement of the problem: Q1. Does increase in inflation is because of increase in Aggregate Demand? Q2. Does increase in Money Supply cause to increase in Inflation? Q3. Is there significant relationship between price increase and increase in money supply? 1.5 Research Hypotheses Considering the research questions of the study researcher have developed following hypothesis: H1: inflation is increasing due to increase in money supply H2: inflation is rising due to increase in aggregate demand H3: there is no significant relationship between price increase and increase in money supply Outline Of The Research This research examines the impact of aggregate demand and money supply only on the inflation in the current scenario of Pakistan. In this study researcher would try to analyze a relationship among the factors (aggregate demand and money supply) and inflation. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW Our research is about determinants of inflation. The selected research papers are associated with the inflation; discuss how inflation affects the different economies and its causes. These researches which have been selected and studied for building our concepts about inflation and its impact on economy, were covering different issues of inflation happening in world economy, and as per requirement of need and problems. It also based on the different needs of different areas and the attitude of markets and economies of the host (researchers) objectives. The research is conduct when the problem is arises and defined then the researcher work starts and they study the issue and try to find some solutions and their remedies. The paper investigates the association between inflation and output growth on the Turkish economy. The researcher used GARCH model in his study to investigate the relationship along with granger causality test. The variables used in this research were inflation, output growth, real and nominal uncertainty. The researcher emphasis was basically on the point that Turkish inflation was affected by output growth or not. The research covers the period from 1986 to 2007 and use monthly data of Turkish economy. In the study, by using GARCH, the researcher looks on conditional means and variances of inflation and output growth and covariance among each other. The researcher also used the BIC and AIC optimal lag-length algorithm. It took the consumer price index and industrial production index which used for price level and production output. Researcher took the log of CPI for obtaining inflation for the purpose of investigating the inflation and output growth relationship. The findings of th e research include the sum of estimated inflation coefficients is -0.042 and ARCH parameter is calculated as 0.360 and 0.426 for output growth and inflation equation respectively. GARCH parameter for output growth is 0.234 and less than 1, so the ARCH parameters are greater than the GARCH parameters which present the view that short term effect are more than the long term effect. The researcher deduces the result that Turkish inflation is effected by output growth by nominal uncertainty channel. This research is important in its own for coming days because of the global economic crises, high level of output growth is induce by foreign capital will decline and this decline would increase the inflation in near future. Further in literature review, we study the inflation targeting and core inflation, here researcher looks at the association of core inflation and inflation targeting used as monetary policy. Basically core inflation is the measure of inflation in which food and energy prices are excluded. Real output of the economy has no real impact which be long run from the inflation rate or the changes in input prices developed by inflation rate (Quah and Vahey 1995; Eckstein 1981). The main emphasis of the research is the inflation in different countries. Policy makers dont want to include short term or temporary changes in inflation, so they wish to focus how these temporary changes exclude from inflation to able to get the real results. Core inflation is an idea that is use as measure the future inflation because it eliminates the temporary shocks those policy makers does not want to take in. The method used in this research was ordinary least square model and auto regressive model. Variables taken in the study were real GDP, CPI, trimmed mean (limited-influence estimator), the frequency of data used in the research range from 1980 to 1990 and early 2000 and the study sample was the data on quarterly basis of 12 countries. The study confirms that monetary policy has direct impact on core inflation (gives the forecast future inflation). Weighted average of both Trimmed mean and lagged inflation used empirically for the estimation of Core inflation. Two views drawn from this research were, first one is the inflation targeting has made the level of accommodation different for the central or reserve banks, although, inflation and non-inflation targeters after inflation targeting begins same. Secondly, since the early 1980s the public appears to believe that central banks of the countries are fairly non-accommodative and inflation targeting did not alter this perception. The researcher examines the possible interaction of conditional means and variances by accommodating the lenient and interactive framework whose impact on real activity by uncertainty of inflation. The model used in this research MGARCH and variables used for the research were inflation, inflation uncertainty, price, GDP deflator and CPI. The data frequency ranges from 1966 to 1979 and 1966 to 2000 on yearly basis. The importance of research is due to global economic conditions, so thats why others authors put their suggestion that the rate of investment which is decrease due to uncertainty of inflation is basically deter the long run contracts or by rising the option value which actually an irreversible investment. So thats why reduction in allocation in price system efficiency is because of inflation uncertainty which basically integrated to the relative price variation increment. The researcher reexamines the effects of inflation volatility by integrating the identified variance w ith MGARCH. The researcher find that the multivariate GARCH and VAR is give the reasonable explanation of the data. The main findings of the research is that the inflation has significantly reduced by real economic activity during 1982 post era, the research also concludes that average shock to inflation uncertainty has try to reduce output growth. The reduction in volatility in inflation process is due to macroeconomics policies which likely to speed up the overall growth. Furthermore; we studied the research on commodity prices, wages and U.S inflation in twentieth century which investigate the impact of primary commodity prices and wages on U.S inflation with respect to markup pricing. The methodology used in this research is Regression analysis and variables are inflation, markup pricing, primary commodity prices and wages. The researcher use annual data ranging from 1900 to 2001 of U.S economy. This researcher find that commodity prices and wages completely pass through into inflation of finished goods prices with both input have positive significant impact. So the rate of change U.S producer index have affected by these factors. The study deduce that aggregate demand growth has a negative affect on markup which further negatively impacted on finished goods inflation after controlling prices. The other one is the food prices, expectation and inflation. The main emphasis of the researcher is on food prices plays a special role in the formation of consumers expectations of inflation appears to be widely held by policy makers. The model used for this purpose is regression analysis and data used from 1950 to 1970 late on quarterly basis of United State. The variables used in the study were Food prices, rate of inflation, and wages of labor. The researcher investigates relationship of money growth, output growth and inflation. For this purpose, data of 81 countries used covering period from 1980-1993. The M2 growth rates (average) used to explain the cross-section inflation rates. The co-efficient of M2 growth are strikingly close to one where inflation and money growth high. Through study, it identify that these countries whose money growth and inflation relatively low. The estimated co-efficient of money growth was only 0.69, so a less complete explanation of inflation offers by quantity theory. Growth of Money GDP was nearly and consistent with monetary neutrality the research forms on money growth, output growth and inflation as key variables. The model, quantity theory is a mostly used model of inflation but not for those where long-run found low. The researcher found during its study that real GDP growth can be used to mitigate inflation. For this, some variables those are exogenous forces like growth in technologi cal progress, physical capital information and human capital. Through this study, researcher found that role of real GDP growth and money as determinants of inflation. Further in our literature review, we study another perspective of inflation on economy. By studying this paper, we found that hoe inflation process affect the economy in different ways and different variables of inflation. High and persistent inflation of this kind is labeled chronic inflation (Beckerman 1992). The researcher developed an error correction model to analyses the relationship of dynamics and long run determinants of chronic inflation. In this paper, researcher uses the Johansen procedure to test the integration in the foreign exchange markets and money. The study reveals that the oil prices, interest rate, output and money dynamically affects the domestic inflation which determined by exchange rate and foreign prices in long run. The researcher deduces that increase in inflation was transmitted to next p eriods inflation where price has a positive co-efficient. So the study reveals that the increase in overall inflation was due to an increase in oil price or in money growth, and also due to increase in rate of devaluation of the exchange rate increase while output growth goes up, the inflation decreases. Another aspect has been studied to understand the relationship between inflation and growth. Here researcher investigates the matter which is growth and threshold effect of inflations existence. The research findings reveal that for industrial countries, threshold reveals of inflation at 1-3 percent and for developing countries at 11-12 percent, where now growth of inflation was estimated. The researcher also points out that the relationship between inflation and growth was negative and significant when inflation rates above the threshold level. The researcher used data of 140 developing and industrialized countries covering time period 1980-1998.Statiscally, the threshold level of inflation consider significant at 1 percent or less. The research is about relation between assets return and inflation in large developed economies, data of 41 national markets including time series and cross-section of expected return. The researcher deduces that negative time series relation between realized asset return and realized inflation. This negative relation appears when returns of long horizon were examined. The researcher also examine that inflation hedge do not serve by equity returns country by country. So when seeing relation between co-relation of asset returns and inflation, in low inflation states that high, world and U.S equity market were more co-related with returns of emerging markets. This shows that there was very little difference between volatility of low and high inflation states in emerging and developed. The results of the study reveal that inflation can be a national equity attitude. Researcher found that differences in inflation states can be differentiate expected returns and have stringer impact to di fferentiate the volatility in different economies. The differences in inflation rates was explain 31 percent of variation in average returns and 59 percent volatility of cross-section in same market across the 41 countries. Here researcher analyzes the effects of high and uncertain inflation. Data used of forty four countries and covering period of twenty years. Researcher deduce that uncertainly has a strong impact on inflation across countries, relation, while in some cases, there are some relation exist between inflation and uncertainty within country relation, but not so strong within 44 countries, 18 of these were industrialized and remaining were developed. Researcher used Okuns hypothesis to test the rationality of the data. Researcher deduce that positive significant co-relation exist cross-country wise, while co-relation was weak within country. So result shows that 15 countries have a positive significant coefficient which was at least one. This paper analyzes the dominant factors, which affect the inflation in Nigeria. Researcher used error correction model of inflation process which based on money market equilibrium conditions. Data used covering period from 1985 to1995. Researcher examines devaluation of the naira and agro climate conditions. Researcher found that depreciation of naira on inflation has been affected significantly by monetary and fiscal policies. The result shown the prices increased through devaluation although these counteracted by proper implementation of policies. Researcher also found that a tight policy major reduces the impact of devaluation on domestic prices during mid 80s. While in early 90s devaluation magnifies the impact on inflation during excessive expansionary policies. The rate of inflation has been influenced by agro climate conditions and this has major impact on overall movements in prices. This research examines that issue of nonlinear effects of inflation on economic growth. Researcher founds that the economic growth relative to inflation has a significant structural break. This structural break was established when inflation was at 8 percent. Growth does not more on slightly affected by inflation below that rate. Data used in this research covering period from 1950 to 1980. While the growth has been significantly affect by inflation when inflation rate was above 8 percent. The research also examines the fact which explains that the effect of inflation on growth estimated was biased by factor of these, when structural break was ignored. So when structural break was considered, economic growth increases by factor of these by the estimated affect of inflation. This means that estimated affect of inflation has shown significant base when structural break exists. By this phenomenon, researcher deduces that when average annual rate of inflation was 8 percent, the point of structural break was estimated to occur. This also deduce that economic growth had not been affected or slightly positive affected when inflation was low, while on other side, economic growth has significantly negatively affected by inflation when it was high. Further in literature review, we studied the theoretical relationship between the size of capital stock and in economy and rate of inflation. This research reveals the fact that shows how capital stock in an economy affected by inflation. The researcher presents some time serious evidence. Researchers used VAR model for thirty four countries. The study reveals the facts which investigate by researchers were that majority of countries had not affect capital stock significantly by inflation process statically. Capital stock affected while inflation not to be super neutral, the co-efficient were positive and capital stock less affected. The researcher use data which comprise private and public capital. The public capital financed by revenues partly, which could lead positive relation between inflation and capital stock. Garber (1982) has argued that some of the transition costs after the German hyper inflation were due to the fact that private investment was no longer subsidized out of seignior age revenues. Researcher found that behavior of government could lead positive relation. The researcher deduces that across country differences in the relationship between inflation and capital stock produced by tax authorities through their different treatments of depreciation and nominal interest deductibility. Further in our understanding about inflation and its causes, we study the issue which examines high trend inflation countries predicted by sticky price models based on menu cost. The researcher used country specific approach to see how output affected by demands smaller impact and less persistent output fluctuations. The researcher used two stage estimation methodologies to examine the issue. Data used in this research comprise 51 countries covering period of 1950-1996. The researcher found from his research that output fluctuations would be persistence while short run impact effects perceived through price stickiness. In this paper, study reveals menu cost model of price stickiness which predicts the high trend inflation should lead to smaller impacts effect of nominal demand shocks (Ball et al. 1988) and less persistence in output fluctuations (Kiley 2000) Through two stage approach, using international data both studies find support. Researcher investigate that the output persistence within countries has affected trend inflation. The researcher deduce that hyper inflation emerge in those countries of high average inflation. Researchers found the strong support that inflation with high trend has lower impact within countries, so that output persistence in individual country not affected by trend inflation. That means important source of short run impact effects could be price stickiness. Furthermore, the role of money demand and money supply which determines the potential of inflation. In Switzerland at beginning of eighties, upward movement of price level was seen. The main issue to conduct this research was that through determining the growth of monetary base, monetary aggregate growth can be controlled. The role of the price level as the equilibrating valuable in the money market can be understood by considering an individual and market experiment (Laidler, 1985). Data used from 1980 to 1987. The main target of the paper is to find out how price levels stabilize over a long term horizon. So rise in income has to maintain pace with money supply in growing economy, the growth of output equal to money stock which expanded at output rate. The researcher using econometrical evidence suggest that price level with a growth trend of M1 that is lower then the potential income growth. The study describe that inflation rate of one present means M1 growth was one percent whic h greater than the base line. The empirical analysis of the study shows that fluctuations of the price level incur from movements of interest rates. So variation in nominate interest was due to inflationary expectations changes. The study explains that constant arte of secular consistent with nominal money stock. It means money growth unchanged with the demand. So that why the smoother price level will result with steady money growth. On other hand, changes in marginal productivity of capital which affect the real interest were due to technical progress, government deficit change in tax rate. The researcher deduces that such shocks can be put their impact on economy like Swiss. So thats why monetary policy has an important role to detect and react against these real factors which affect interest rate. Reaction of monetary policy means money supply by reduced the impact of such factors those cause to increase the interest and vice versa. CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY In this chapter, researcher has discussed method of data collection, sampling technique, sample size, instrument of data collection, content validity of instrument, reliability of the instrument and researched model developed. 3.1 Method of Data Collection Normally data is taken from the specific method and techniques through the questionnaires or through observation. But in this case we take the data from other sources which is already been used and also bias less. Data is used as the secondary data, which is collected electronically from the website of State Bank of Pakistan and other websites. The yearly inflation rate (CPI) of Pakistan is taken from the official web site of Sate Bank of Pakistan and also the yearly data of GDP as aggregate demand and M2 as Money Supply. The study adopts qualitative and quantitative paradigms. The study uses mixed method design with chi-square and correlation as quantitative mode of inquiry, and ground theory as qualitative mode of inquiry. 3.2 Sample Design Sample is taken as the yearly basis to test the correlation between inflation and aggregate demand. We use the yearly data instead of monthly because the GDP is not available on monthly basis. In this research we will use purposive sampling technique, because we will collect data only from Banks (SBP), some business journals, government sources. The data having very high number of observations which is helpful to use MLR model of SPSS. 3.3 Sample size Sample is the 41 number of observation, which is taken on yearly basis and the data of 41 years covering the time period from 1970 to 2010. This is healthy number of observations in any data to take the result on multi linear regression model (MLR) N= 41 The data used in this research is reliable and bias less, because it is taken directly from the consult authorities which assure the accuracy of data. The data firstly was taken of 10 years on the monthly basis but later we summaries it to see the significant and clear impact of aggregate demand and money supply on inflation, then we take the yearly data of all the variables. 3.4 Research model developed This study is focuses on the issue of inflation. Here we try to look what are those factors which can put impact or create influence on the inflation in the economy of Pakistan. For this purpose we take two independent variables which are GDP as aggregate demand and money supply and a response or dependent variable which is inflation as CPI. We took 41 years data for this study on yearly basis, so we can take a brief analysis on the phenomena of inflation. How it can be manageable in the current situation and how actually these factors can affect inflation in the Pakistan economy as real determinant of inflation. To test the hypothesis, we use multiple linear regressions MLR as statistical tool, for this we check that data is normal or not, is there any linearity among the data and the data or variables are serially correlated. We check these through different statistical means which shown in appendix. Here we see that the data is not linear and there is high autocorrelation or seria l correlation exists. So for this, we use log transformation to make data linear and reduce the correlation within the data to test our research hypothesis, we take logs of our predictors and response or dependent variables. We see still there is some non-linearity exists, and then we take difference of the variables (regressively) along with log transformation. We try to analyze the relation between GDP, MS and Inflation. By taking difference and log transformation, we apply the linear regression and still main assumption of the MLR not view, the autocorrelation removed and linearity exist but data become non-normal. We use different combination of variables to develop a fit model to test our research hypothesis. Lastly we come up with the model which we consider to use to test our research hypothesis and its findings discuss in the coming chapter. The equation used in our study Ln_dif_ Inf = ÃŽÂ ±+ ÃŽÂ ²1 Ln_dif _gdp + ÃŽÂ ²2 Ln_dif_ms +ÃŽÂ µ Here in this equation Ln_dif_Inf = shows the response or dependent variable after taking log transformation with difference of values. ÃŽÂ ± (alpha) = Constant term Ln_dif_gdp = shows the independent variable after taking log transformation with difference of values. Ln_dif_ms = shows the independent variable after taking log transformation with difference of values. and = referred to as partial regression coefficient. 3.5 Statistical Technique The Multi linear regression is used to conclude the result of data, because two variables are used as independent variable and one variable as dependent to observation and the scale data is used. One inflation and others are independent GDP as aggregate, M2 as Money Supply. So Multi Linear Regression is better option to evaluate the data being taken. Regression analysis is used to test the hypothesis and ANNOVA is used to see the variance. Due to expected presence of two predictors and the dependent variable most probably Multi Linear Regression is used to study the impact of MS and AD on Inflation. Linear regression is very easy to interpretation of result and to assess the result of given data. Regression developed the graphical presentation of two variables which are taken in research as data, the linear regression shows one variable on X axis and the other one variable on Y axis. The correlation of both variables can easily justify on the basis of slope line which is presenting the relation of two variables. CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS RESULTS To test the hypothesis, we use MLR with two predictors and one response variables to see the impact of aggregate demand and money supply on inflation. After apply the tool, we got the results which shows us different point of view than the researcher develop to initialize this study. The researcher wants to see that H1: inflation is increasing due to increase in money supply H2: inflation is rising due to increase in aggregate demand H3: there is no significant relationship between price increase and increase in money supply Making data linear and remove autocorrelation within the data by log transformation along with taking difference in values, we get the result in which the model summary table shows R, R Square and Adjusted R Square is round about 28%, 8% and 3% respectively, the purpose of seeing R values (correlation coefficients) which lies between 0 and 1, here the R is around 0.28 which shows the small positive correlation between the variables. The R Square coefficient of determination) is about .08 or 8% which describe or explain the 8% variability in the data, if R Square equal to zero means, no variance exists. Here in the research the R Square is 0.08 which is near to zero, so we can say that there is almost very low variance in the data explain by model. As research study use two independent variables, so adjusted R Square is more impor